Because the junction present in between them is considered to be in forwarding bias mode. In this configuration, the voltage is applied at the base and the emitter terminals. Let us consider a circuit of an amplifier designed with the basic common emitter configuration. In order to satisfy the parameters and the design considerations generally, the configuration of the common-emitter is utilized in the amplifier applications.

Overall the circuit designed here acts as an amplifier. In this way, the low value of the signal is applied at the input because of the internal circuitry design the output signal generated possesses the strength of the output signal as high. The amplifier also employs an excellent D/A converter with multiple S/PDIF inputs, PCM, and DSD capabilities using the ES9018 Reference 32-bit DAC in quad-mono configuration, 8 mono to 2 stereo configuration.Even the DC voltage can be applied to the circuit. For the vinyl enthusiast the CSA100 has RIAA input for moving magnet or high output moving coil cartridges. In this application the tube provides life, headroom and dynamics hard to find in amplifiers relying on solid stage technology only.Ī single chassis made of aluminium alloy to avoid magnetic interference. If you prefer the warm and nice colored charm of some older tube designs look elsewhere, the CSA100 tube line stage is made for monitoring. The double triode tube runs at high voltage in a setup for maximum linearity, taking care of the voltage amplification only.Ī MOS-FET circuitry delivers the brute force driving the line stage output and feedback circuitry, thus securing a firm handshake between the world of electronic tubes governed by voltage and the current controlled transistor technology. One tube is responsible for the CSA100 line amplification and the efficiency of this single tube layout is astonishing. The CSA100 provides four digital inputs, five analogue inputs and a 100 Watt per channel power amplifier The CSA100 integrated amplifier is a part of the latest work by Copland, aiming to combine the advantages of tubes and transistor amplification using the synectic design concept that previously has made Copland hybrid amplifiers widely acclaimed.

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